The Narcaid ECODA Unit is a UK-based international distance learning center dedicated to training ambulance crews in the recognition and management of drug related incidents.  ECODA (‘Emergency Care Orientated Drug Awareness’) is our unique research-based knowledge base.  It is designed to familiarize students with essential information re all major licit, illicit and pharmaceutical presentations common to the pre-hospital environment.  The curriculum makes extensive use of real-life case study and e-tutoring support, delivered by a substance misuse specialist nurse.  Successful completion of the programme leads to a certificate suitable for continuing professional development and accredited by the British Paramedic Association.  It is also a Royal College of Nursing Approved Professional Course and graduates receive RCN certification.

Narcaid ECODA Unit Drug Awareness Bulletin: CK - 1

Ketamine is a ‘dissociative anaesthetic’ with hallucinogenic/analgesic properties.  It has increased in popularity as a ‘club drug’ sometimes in combination with  cocaine (occasionally crack).  This combination is known as CK-1, often known to users as ‘blizzard’.

Methods of Administration

·         Usually the two powders are snorted.  This may be done in two separate lines or mixed together.  A small container known as a ‘cocaine bullet’ may be used which contains a valve and can easily be applied to the nose.

·         Tablet form is sometimes available, branded with a ‘CK1’ logo.

·         The two drugs can also be combined in a ‘rock’ for smoking.

Clinical Signs

·         Cocaine produces powerful CNS stimulation.  Signs and symptoms include dilated pupils, raised temperature and respiration rates and increased cardiac output.

·         Ketamine produces hallucinations, cognitive and sensory distortions, ataxia and increased cardiac output.

Effects of the Combined Drugs

Taken together the combination delivers feelings of euphoria combined with ‘out of body’ experiences.  The cocaine dampens down the paralyzing and hallucinatory effects of the ketamine, unless that is taken in the higher dose.

Specific Medical Dangers

·         Both drugs stimulate the cardiovascular system making MI or CVA possibilities.

·         Both have analgesic effects which can mask injury.

·         Both are associated with convulsions and so greatly increase this risk.

Now test your understanding by looking at the case study and answering the questions.►

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